I cannot found the exercise anywhere, so I will just explain how the toxin works.
A toxin is a toxic substance made by a living organism such as a bacterium, a fungus, a plant or an animal.
Labil toxins are toxins which are by easily degraded. among these toxins, there is the toxin of Escherichia coli and the cholera toxin of <span>Vibrio cholerea.
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The intracellular target of cholera toxin is adenylate cyclase, one of the most important eukaryotic cell regulatory systems. This enzyme is involved in the conversion of ATP into a cyclic AMP (cAMP), a crucial intracellular messenger in a wide variety of cellular processes.
Cholera toxin catalyzes the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) to a specific arginine residue of the Gsa protein, resulting in the activation of adenylate cyclase and consequently the increase of the intracellular level cAMP. AMPc activates a cAMP-dependent protein kinase, which leads to phosphorylation of the protein, modification of ion transport and finally diarrhea.
Answer:
Computional model, used to study an outbreak of an infectious disease called influenza.
The right answer is vein (it contains blood and has valves).
The infra-cardiac veins of small and medium caliber possess this system of fight against gravity. The valves consist of a dense connective tissue, surmounted by endothelial cells, corresponding to a fold of the intima. They allow blood circulation in the sense organ / heart but prevent venous reflux.
Answer:
he many benefits of energy efficiency include: Environmental: Increased efficiency can lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and other pollutants, as well as decrease water use. Economic: Improving energy efficiency can lower individual utility bills, create jobs, and help stabilize electricity prices and volatility.
Air pollution. Cleaner burning than other fossil fuels, the combustion of natural gas<span> produces negligible amounts of sulfur, mercury, and particulates. Burning</span>natural gas does<span> produce nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are precursors to smog, but at lower levels than gasoline and diesel used for motor vehicles.</span>
