Answer:
Gene knockout is a technique used to determine the function of a gene that has already been sequenced, which is achieved by analyzing the phenotype of the individual carrying the knockout mutation(s). Moreover, gene sequencing is a technique used to determine the sequence of a given gene, which allows to determine how gene variants (polymorphisms) may be associated with the phenotypes of the target trait.
Explanation:
In genetics, gene knockout is a technique used to trigger mutations in a (already) sequenced gene in order to inactive its function and observe the resulting phenotype for a particular trait. This approach that starts with the inactivation of a given gene and ends with the phenotype is known as reverse-genetics. On the other hand, gene sequencing can be defined as the methodologies/techniques/tools used to determine the nucleotide base pair sequence of a particular gene. The gene knockout technique involves knowing a priori the gene sequence in order to obtain a gene knockout (gene KO). The combination of the information obtained from these techniques can be used to determine how variation (genetic variation) affects the expression of a phenotypic trait.
Lichens are the photosynthetic organisms.
Function of integumentary system: PROTECTION<span>- barrier against infectious, chemical, radioactive, and physical damage.
- keratin and junctions block bacteria, fungi, and blunt objects.
-macrophages identify foreign particles and activate immune response.</span>
Answer: When a plant or animal dies, or an animal voids waste products, the initial form of nitrogen is organic. Bacteria and fungi in the soil produce enzymes that convert the organic nitrogen back into inorganic ammonium ions (NH4 +). Ammonium is converted to nitrite ions (NO2 -) by soil bacteria like Nitrosomonas
Explanation: Hope it helps
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