Physical exercise preserves bone mass. Measurements of bone biomarkers may reflect the events in bone during exercise. Fifteen healthy, well-trained individuals (7 men and 8 women) performed a running test for 21 min until exhaustion. Venous blood samples were drawn before and 30 min after the exercise to measure the levels of osteocalcin, the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and the carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP). After exercise, the women had a marked increase in serum osteocalcin concentrations (from 7.5±5.0 μg/1 to 11.5±3.0 μg/1), whereas the level was unaffected in the men (from 14.5±3.0 μg/1 to 13.5±4.6 μg/l). In the men there was a marked increase in PICP (from 240±47 μg/1 to 268±56 μg/1) that was not seen in the women (from 244±70 μg/1 to 253±60 μg/1). In neither group did ICTP levels change. In conclusion, significant responses were seen in PICP and osteocalcin during exercise, indicating that such measurements may be valuable for the further delineation of the effects of physical activity on bone. Furthermore, the different responses in men and women point to interesting areas for future studies.
Roughly 15 times more ATP can be produced via the complete aerobic oxidation of glucose compared to that produced by glycolysis alone.
<h3>
What is Glycolysis?</h3>
- The metabolic process known as glycolysis turns the sugar glucose (C6H12O6) into pyruvate (CH3COCO2H). The high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide are created using the free energy released during this process (NADH).
- A series of ten enzyme-catalyzed processes make up glycolysis. the binding energy of carbs is captured. One metabolic route that doesn't require oxygen is glycolysis (In anaerobic conditions pyruvate is converted to lactic acid).
- Glycolysis occurs frequently in various species, which suggests that it is an old metabolic route.
- In fact, the events that makeup glycolysis and its companion process, the pentose phosphate pathway, take place in the oxygen-free environment of the Archean oceans, likewise in the absence of enzymes, and are catalyzed by metal.
To know more about Glycolysis with the given
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Answer:
d) A negative feedback loop
Explanation:
A negative feedback loop counteracts the deviation from homeostasis by generating a required response. The function of the insulin hormone is to lower down the blood glucose level when it raises above the normal range. Insulin triggers the uptake of glucose from the blood by cells. It specifically triggers muscle and liver cells to take up glucose from the blood.
Once the blood glucose level is restored to the normal value, the secretion of insulin stops. Here, a change in normal body condition (raised blood glucose level) was counteracted by the secretion of insulin hormone to restore the homeostasis of blood sugar levels.
<h2><u>Answer:</u></h2>
Amid the Ordovician Period, the outside of the earth was drastically unique in relation to it is today. About all life on earth was in the seas. The main land life was as exceptionally crude plants extremely close to the water line of the coasts, presumably greeneries and green growth and were of a non-vascular nature.
The Ordovician Period started with a noteworthy eradication called the Cambrian– Ordovician annihilation occasion, about 485.4 Mya (million years prior). It went on for around 42 million years and finished with the Ordovician– Silurian elimination occasions, about 443.8 Mya (ICS, 2004) which cleared out 60% of marine genera.
The timeframe that occurred 488 to 443 million years back. Amid the Ordovician time frame, some portion of the Paleozoic time, a rich assortment of marine life thrived in the tremendous oceans and the primary crude plants started to show up ashore—before the second biggest mass annihilation ever finished the period.
Answer:
I'm pretty sure they do so it's yed
