An excerpt from the text that suggests Kovaloff has not learned anything from his experience is: "<em>He returned joyfully, and regarded with a satirical expression two officers who were in the shop, one of whom possessed a nose not much larger than a waistcoat button</em>."
Here the character, a Major who lost his nose, is seen doing the same he did before his experience: joyfully shopping and mocking others, as though nothing happened. His personality is still arrogant and judgemental.
All these questions depend on what you studied, no one can help you here. Go study and good luck.
Answer: the ideal by which equality of opportunity is available to any American, allowing the highest aspirations and goals to be achieved.
"a workaholic lawyer who seems to be living the American dream"
Explanation: