The US dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in order to end the war more quickly and without so much bloodshed. The fighting, as the US got closer to Japan was so bloody that it made American planners believe that something like one million American troops would be killed or wounded in an invasion of Japan.
Between The signing of the DOI in 1776 and The Constitution in 1787 the American Revolution was going on [Which starts right before the DOI is signed in 1775 with the Battle of Lexington and Concord aka ‘The shot heard round the world’] and ends with the battle of Yorktown in 1781 with the victory of the American colonist under the command of general George Washington [Spoiler Alert, He becomes President Right After the Whiskey Rebellion in the 1790’s] In those 11 years many things escalated; We made a pact with the French [Which we would later diss]; Our country discovers many new faces like Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, John Adams, Ben Franklin, which leads to the eventual cabinetry under GW. Anyway, The colonies also started using spies as a tool in those 11 years, helping win the battles.
Children used to work in factories due to child labor. The men would be off fighting in wars and the women would work at factories or stayed at home. With children they didn't have to get paid because of their age and were treated badly. That is why they were chosen to start working in factories.