Question

How did the domestication of plants and animals affect agrarian societies

Answer 1

The domestication of plants and animals was a crucial development for humans since it allowed them to have a surplus of food--this allowed people to focus their efforts elsewhere and have other jobs and skills. 

Answer 2

1 They could rest assured that their food supply was more stable and constant if they planted consistently. To do this they learned to observe the stars and seasons to be ready for planting and harvesting. They fought over and secured land that was arable and then protected it with military might to protect their food supply. To that end..... 

2 the early farmers became specialized in their labor and became potters, tanners, government leaders, accountants (well, they could count anyway!) and the myriad of other jobs that a modern community needed to survive. They took time to learn their tasks (education) and practiced those in communities governed by those whom they empowered. By the time you get to ancient Egypt, the range of jobs was pretty diverse for this largest and most successful agrarian society. 

3 Early farmers also began to think seriously about continuity and a lasting society, so they worked hard on laws and taught their children respect for their society. Then they thought about the need for more land and growing the size of their kingdoms to ensure its permanence.