Answer:
B. Motivation
Explanation:
Self efficacy involves a strong belief by individuals in themselves in doing certain tasks or assignments.
Dale Schunk who was a psychologist applied the concept of self-efficacy to many aspects of students' achievement. He discovered that self-efficacy influences a student's motivation, learning and increases productivity.
“ I think fatigue is a problem for you, do you agree? “
They use it as a defense because if they are being hunted by a predator, they will use a certain light pattern to alert any larger predators to get whatever is hunting them.
The answer is: A. Ivan Pavlov
Pavlov was the researcher who first popularized the classical conditioning (where a certain conditioned response is created by associating a certain situation with a conditioned stimulus)
Counterconditioning was developed in order to reverse or reduce the effete of classical conditioning (usually carried out by enforcing positive reinforcement to the subjects)
