A mutation is a rare, accidental or induced modification of genetic information (DNA or RNA sequence) in the genome.
The consequences of a mutation vary according to the part of the genome affected. A mutation is said to be hereditary if the mutated genetic sequence is passed on to the next generation.
In multicellular animals, germline mutations can be transmitted to offspring, whereas somatic mutations do.
Somatic mutations do not affect cells intended for reproduction, so they are never hereditary:
* Post-zygotic mutations are the mutations that appear in the egg after fertilization. They are rarer and are expressed as mosaic in the individual concerned (the mutation will be present only in the daughter cells originating from the mutated embryonic cell).
* Mutations can appear throughout life on the DNA of any cell; they are then transmitted to the line of the daughter cells. These can, in some cases, become tumor cells and then form cancer.
The nucleus contains <u>protons</u> and <u>neutrons</u><u>,</u> giving it an overall <u>positive</u> charge.
Answer:
The autonomic nervous system is the main neural regulator of circulation and blood pressure in the short term and beat by beat and exerts its function through various reflexes that regulate vasomotor tone, heart rate and cardiac output. At the renal level, the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system is possibly the most important in the maintenance of arterial homeostasis.
Explanation:
Blood pressure is regulated by a series of interrelated autonomic systems and humoral reflexes, which continually adjust the determining elements of the system (heart rate, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance and circulating volume).The effective circulating volume is controlled by a series of reflex systems, which obtain information about the perfusion pressure (baroreceptors in the carotid bulb and aortic arch), plasma osmolarity (hypothalamus) and urinary sodium (distal tubule).The kidney has its own self-regulatory mechanisms. The reduction in renal blood flow is detected at the level of the mesangial cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, starting the renin-angiotensin system. The increase in angiotensin II produces on the one hand local vasoconstriction, and on the other hand stimulates the production of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex with the consequent tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.Antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin (released from the hypothalamus by stimulation of arterial baroreceptors and also by stimulation of angiotensin II) also acts at the renal level, which acts as a powerful and water-saving vasoconstrictor in the distal tubule.
Answer:
The nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C).
Explanation:
Answer:
22 pairs of autosomes, 1 pair of sex chromosomes, I notice that the X and Y chromosomes are sex chromosomes and that they are different in length and size., The sex of this organism is male, as the genotype XY can only mean a male gender; female gender is denoted by the genotype XX., You didn't put in Karyotype A., The special circumstance is with group 21 of chromosomes. There are 3 instead of 2 in that group., This circumstance results in a condition known as trisomy 21, or Down Syndrome. Down syndrome causes a distinct facial appearance, intellectual disability, developmental delays, and may be associated with thyroid or heart disease.
, Name the karyotype "Down Syndrome Karyotype?" (I'm not sure on the last one)
