Answer:
the annual pre-tax cost of debt is 10.56%
Explanation:
the beore-tax component cost of debt will be the actual market rate of the bonds, as they offer an interest rate of 11% but are selling at 104 points not at par thus, there is a difference between the rates.
We solve for the rate which makes the coupon and maturity 104
with excel or a financial calculator
PV of the coupon payment
C 5.500 (100 x 11%/2)
time 60 (30 years x 2 payment per year)
rate <em>0.052787474</em>
PV $99.4338
PV of the maturity
Maturity 100.00
time 60.00
rate <em>0.052787474</em>
PV 4.57
<em><u>Adding both we should get 104 which is the amount the bonds is selling:</u></em>
PV coupon $99.4338 + PV maturity $4.5662 = $104.0000
The rate is generated using goal seek or wiht a financial calculator.
This rate is a semiannual rate, so we multiply by 2 to get the annual cost of debt:
0.052787474 x 2 = 0.105574947
The cost of debt for the firm is 10.56%
Answer:
Take a minority equity interest in the operation.
Explanation:
Multiple Choice
a) Sell competitive advantage to competitors.
b) Agree to import another product from the Asian market.
c) Take a minority equity interest in the operation.
d) Withhold vital process technology from the local firm.
e) Establish a franchise operation.
A turnkey strategy is a market entry position where the project is built from the ground up and turned over to the client ready to go – turn the key and the plant is operational. This is a very good way to enter foreign markets as the client is normally a government. While when one takes a minority equity interest they do not have the votes to control the operations and finances of the the company’s business.
Kaylee, the Chief Financial Officer for a metal refinery, Kaylee reasons that the company doesn't have longterm interest in the Asian market advises to take a minority equity interest in the operation in order not to lose financially.
its not a problem up there i don't see one nor the upload
Answer:Many companies state their brand promise directly in words, using a short phrase called what? A. A warranty B. A customer mindset C. A corporate image D. A tagline
✓ D.
Answer:
"Exporting pollution" occurs when a country reduces its domestic pollution, but increases imports that cause pollution in other countries.
Explanation:
Exporting pollution is a commercial and environmental process through which the most developed countries send their most polluting companies to produce their goods to underdeveloped countries. These companies, generally industrial, transfer their production of carbon dioxide and other polluting gases to these countries, which receive large employers and economic benefits but in turn accept higher rates of contamination in their territories.
