I agree with the statement because in the story, when Major Kovalyov loses his nose, the nose achieves a higher rank that him - State Councillor. Considering Kovalyov is an ambitious official, he feels ashamed due to the fact that the nose has climbed higher in rank, and for his physical appearance. Without a nose, he cannot move up in hierarchy or join in marriage favorably.
The Answer is B, it says weekly meeting and every Friday. the sentence would still make sense if one of those was taken out.
Idiom "Hold your horses"
Simile "As red as a tomato"
Hyperbole "This food is hotter than the sun"
Metaphor "He was a walking encyclopedia"
Alliteration "Peter pepper picked a pickled pepper"
Personification "The sun smiled at me"
I hope it helped.
A seems the most logical in this sense, since parents are portrayed (and majority do) sacrifice a lot so their children can live good and better lives than they did.