The beta-lactam group of antibiotics such as penicillins (i.e. Amoxicillin), cephalosporins (i.e. Cefuroxime), and carbapenems (i.e. Meropenem) is the most widely used group of antibiotics. Beta-lactams are bactericidal. Beta-lactams have no innate resistance to beta-lactamases (enzymes produced by bacteria to break down beta-lactam antibiotics), but they can be paired with a beta-lacamase inhibitor such as Clavulanic acid. Later generations of beta-lactams may offer resistance to beta-lactamases. Beta-lactams offer activity against a broad spectrum of bacterial pathogens, including gram-positive, gram-negative, and (in higher doses, such as Cefazolin) anaerobic coverage.
First, let's distinguish active from passive immunity:
- Active immunity occurs in a direct exposure of individuals to live pathogens. The result is a development of a disease. After that, individuals acquire immunity to the disease.
- Passive immunity is induced by vaccines with antibodies for a disease, so the disease does not develop.
<span>a. ACTIVE IMMUNITY - Bill had a disease, so it must be active immunity.
</span>b. PASSIVE IMMUNITY - Bill got a vaccine and a disease did not develop, so it must be passive immunity.
c. <span>PASSIVE IMMUNITY - Although, 3-month-old daughter did not get a vaccine, she has mother's antibodies from the milk so she will not develop a disease.</span>
Setae which are tiny feelers helps it dig tunnels underground
Answer:
The best way to eliminate the wind is to build barriers.
Explanation:
As you may already know, the wind is a large-scale flow of gases. This flow is palpable and can be prevented from entering certain places by building physical barriers that block the flow. In this case, the construction of barriers prevents the wind from advancing and reaches a certain region, because it causes the wind to crash against this barrier and be pushed back, prevented from advancing.
Answer:
Pawpaw means papaya. Hope you'll get some clues from here