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Lena [83]
3 years ago
15

Shaquille is a professional basketball player. He never knows for sure which of his shots will result in a basket, but the more

shots he takes the more baskets he makes. In this example, Shaquille's shooting is being reinforced on:_______.a. a fixed-ratio scheduleb. a fixed-interval schedulec. a variable-ratio scheduled. a variable-interval schedule
Social Studies
1 answer:
julsineya [31]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

The correct answer is letter c. a variable-ratio scheduled.

Explanation:

Psychologist B. F. Skinner developed operant conditioning, which is a method of teaching someone a desired behavior by reinforcing that behavior either positively or negatively. A positive reinforcer happens when something is added to increase the probability of a behavior. A negative one happens when something is removed to increase the probability of a behavior. <u> The reinforcer is presented ONLY if the subject responds with the targeted behavior, but that does not mean every time the subject responds he will receive reinforcement.</u>

<u>A variable-ratio schedule is a schedule of reinforcement in which the person is not rewarded every time. As a matter a fact, behavior is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses.</u> Because it is unpredictable, people are often more persistent, since they know they will eventually get the reward. That is the case with Shaquille. The basket is the reinforcement of his shots, but he does not know when he will make them. So he tries harder.

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Other things held constant, if the expected inflation rate DECREASES, and investors also become MORE risk averse, the Security Market Line would shift in<u> have a steeper slope </u>manner.

<h3>What is the Security Market Line (SML)?</h3>

The security market line (SML) is the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). It gives the market’s expected return at different levels of systematic or market risk. It is also called the ‘characteristic line’ where the x-axis represents the asset’s beta or risk, and the y-axis represents the expected return.

<u>Security Market Line Equation</u>

The Equation is as follows:

SML: E(Ri) = Rf + βi [E(RM) – Rf]

In the above security market line formula:

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  • Rf is the risk-free rate and represents the y-intercept of the SML.
  • βi is a non-diversifiable or systematic risk. It is the most crucial factor in SML. We will discuss this in detail in this article.
  • E(RM) is expected to return on market portfolio M.
  • E(RM) – Rf is known as Market Risk Premium.

<u>Characteristics of the Security Market Line (SML) are as below:</u>

  • SML is a good representation of investment opportunity cost, which combines the risk-free asset and the market portfolio.
  • Zero-beta security or zero-beta portfolio has an expected return on the portfolio, which is equal to the risk-free rate.
  • The slope of the Security Market Line is determined by the market risk premium, which is: (E(RM) – Rf). Higher the market risk premium steeper the slope and vice-versa
  • All the assets which are correctly priced are represented on SML.
  • The assets above the SML are undervalued as they give a higher expected return for a given amount of risk.
  • The assets below the SML are overvalued as they have lower expected returns for the same amount of risk.

Therefore, we can conclude that the correct option is A.

Learn more about Security Market Line (SML) on:

brainly.com/question/15877803

#SPJ4

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