Wind up in animals is a situation whereby there is increase in pain on the affected area due to high stimulus that is given above the normal level. These is caused by continuous stimulation of group c peripheral nerve fibres of the nervous system.
Wind up occur in animals after recovery from general anesthesia because the peripheral nerve fibres are continuously stimulated to cause windup.
The speed at which air is expelled from the lungs during the middle portion of a forced expiration is very important to the actions of the internal intercostals.
