Answer: Dr. Just is identifying whether a participant is thinking of a tool or dwelling. The correct answer is C.
Explanation:
Dr. Just is using a computer program to analyze the thoughts of her patients. the participants are asked to think about different objects and stimuli. The Dr can determine if the participant is thinking about a took or a dwelling just by analyzing her thought process via the computer program.
The computer is not, per say, reading the participants thoughts but making a probability based choice that is based on the two thoughts the participant is having.
Answer:
modeling
Explanation:
In the modeling technique “the therapist models the desired response / behavior”, ie he reinforces only the desired behaviors. Juan's therapist, through modeling, encourages Juan to start, or at least try, to open the door without wearing gloves, as this is a desired behavior for him to begin to lose his fear of germs.
Therapeutic modeling is the process by which a person learns behaviors by observing and imitating others. It is a very effective method of behavior change, since watching others is one of the main human ways of learning, assisting people who are exhibiting adaptive behavior teaches better coping strategies for people with inappropriate responses. Modeling is effective in overcoming fears and anxieties because it offers an opportunity to watch another person go through the anxiety-generating situation without injury.
B. Protective Factors
I would say that the answer is B because when your life is in risk, you need someone with you to stay and make sure everything is okay.
Answer:
b. The rats press the lever least when cocaine is presented.
Explanation:
Reinforcement or reward refers to the physiological processes by which a given behavior, such as drug use, becomes habitual. This occurs when neurons release the neurotransmitter dopamine to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) after drug use.
In tobacco, nicotine is the main component triggering of the reinforcement. Once inside the brain, nicotine activates nicotinic receptors, which in turn contributes to the reinforcement mechanism. Following repeated exposure to nicotine, a neuroadaptation process is established for some (but not all) effects of nicotine. Increased brain nAChRs (acetylcoline receptors) are observed in response to desensitization of these nicotine-mediated receptors. This desensitization can play an important role in the development of tolerance and dependence.
The fact that nicotine is a weak reinforcer, means that maybe the rat already had an neuroadaptation with this drug, not feeling anything with this drug anymore, and thats why he would prefer other drug, like cocaine, pressing the lever of nicotine less often.
