Answer:
Glycolysis is the first step of the cellular respiration in an organism which is metabolic pathway that is completed in the cytosol of the cell that leads to the converting glucose to the pyruvate in order to produce energy in form of ATP:
1. Glucose-6-phosphate is ---> fructose-6-phosphate
2. fructose-6-phosphate ---> fructose-1,6-biphosphate
3. fructose-1,6-biphosphate ---> glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate(GAP) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP).
4. GAP is oxidised ----> 3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH
5. 3-bisphosphoglycerate ----> 1,3-bisphophoglycerat
6. 1,3-bisphophoglycerate ----> 3-phosphoglycerate
7. 3-phosphoglycerate ----> 2-phosphoglycerate
8. 2-phosphoglycerate ----> phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
9. phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP ----> pyruvic acid + ATP
Formation of ATP occurs in both pathways or process that are respiration and fermentation. Fermentation is a catabolic pathway leads to the degradation of sugars (partial) that result in the gain of energy and this energy are absorbed in ATP. There are difference of the amount of energy or ATP produce in these process in respiration 38 ATP are produced whereas during fermentation only 2 ATP are produced.
A GWAS can be performed by actually genotyping as few as 300000 to 1million
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