The romans used D) aqueducts
Presidential Reconstruction
In 1865 President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave the white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom and offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South. The conduct of the governments he established turned many Northerners against the president's policies.
The end of the Civil War found the nation without a settled Reconstruction policy.
In May 1865, President Andrew Johnson offered a pardon to all white Southerners except Confederate leaders and wealthy planters (although most of these later received individual pardons), and authorized them to create new governments.
The answer to this should be: A sizable middle class has developed.
With a middle class they can create a better governance; The Middle Class has a strong interest in promoting foresighted policies and making government work well because their economic fate is more closely tied to the quality of government than that of the wealthy.
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The raid took place on October 16, 1859 before the war. Brown was a man determined to abolish slavery, a belief of many northerners. This Revolt was led by an abolitionist, or a person against slavery. The raid indicated that abolitionists would use violence to overthrow slavery. Slavery was a big issue during this time and was a huge reason for the sectionalism between the North and South.