Jamaica is a country in the Caribbean, but “Jamaican” isn’t a race, it’s a nationality of the country :)
He decides to let Patroclus wear his armor
He didn't want to fight so he let Patroclus in disguise lead his army. Patroclus made a mistake however since he didn't just return as he said he would after the defense of the beaches but rather he pushed towards the gates where he died because of this and when his armor was removed everyone saw that it wasn't Achilles.
I think each level of government controls different laws so everything becomes more equal and more people get a say. By using separation of powers, it is more of a democracy which is what the us government is all about. There are many different people focused on certain topics or ideas within the levels of government and this helps everything stay organized and everyone then knows what they are doing.