Answer:
The significant degrees of association in the body, from the least difficult to the most perplexing are: particles, atoms, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ frameworks, and the human living being.
Answer:
A mutation that causes a single letter change in the DNA sequence can affect your protein structure and function because the sequence of letters in a gene determines the sequence of amino acids in the protein that it encodes. A single letter change in the DNA alters the mRNA which alters the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein and sometimes that can cause serious results if it changes the way a protein works.
ex. sickle cell disease - a single letter swap in the gene that encodes the hemoglobin molecule results in deformed red blood cells
Hope that helps.
My guess is that fat-soluble toxins that may occur in freshwater ecosystems would most affect apex species in these ecosystems. This is because fat-soluble toxins are stored in the fat reserves of animals, and then bioaccumulate up the food chain. So in this case, most of the toxin is not secreted, but stored within the food chain, and bioaccumulates, with the concentration becoming higher the further up the food chain.
Heart rate. <span>From this site, the two channels of the autonomic nervous system originate the sympathetic and parasympathetic components. The sympathetic components increase heart rate by releasing the neural hormone catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine. These hormones are cardio accelerators. Acceleration of the heart rate is called tachycardia.</span>
If the cell were a factory, the lysosomes would function as the maintenance crew. The lysosome breaks down the enzymes and keeps the cell from working. The factory can not operate without the maintenance crew. The maintenance crews make sure that the factory is well conditioned to work.
