Answer:
Explanation:
Pharmacophore (pharmacology) - The molecular framework responsible for a drug's biological activity. According to IUPAC — A pharmacophore is the ensemble of steric and electronic features that is necessary to ensure the optimal supramolecular interactions with a specific biological target structure and to trigger (or to block) its biological response.
Privileged structures are defined as molecular frameworks which are able of providing useful ligands for more than one type of receptor or enzyme target by judicious structural modifications.
1) The 1,4-dihydropyridine ring is present in many biologically important molecules that acts as an important scaffold for cardiovascular drug - a calcium antagonists and although it is technically not considered as a pharmacophore, it is considered as a privileged structure.
1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP), belongs to the class of calcium antagonist that inhibits the influx of extracellular Ca+2 through the L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels.
A positional substitution in the 4-position is feasible in the heterocyclic ring which in turn culminates in various calcium channel antagonist activities and this heterocyclic ring is the common feature for various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic activity,
antihypertensive, antianginal, antitumor, antitubercular activity and antithrombotic .
Position on the heterocyclic ring binds to the L-type channel and also to N-type channel on membranes.
2.) The bioisosteres are not a suitable bioisostere for the traditional C-4 aryl or heteroaryl substitution which is necessary for calcium ion blockage thereby inhibiting it to function with the mechanism shared above.
A forest station can be a base in a forest where people monitors different biological aspects, like the fauna and the flora of their interest. For example, a forest station can be useful for monitorin endangered species.
answer:
plasma membrane a microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins which forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or in closes a vacuole, and regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm
answer number 2
the plasma membrane or cell membrane, is the phospholipid layer that surrounds the cell and protects it from outside environment.
you can use either answer if you have to type or write an answer
It is the comparison of the nucleotide sequences in DNA
Primary growth . Plants grow taller by making sure all needs are met.
