Answer:
1222 billion dollars.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the total increase from 1960 to 2010, we need to find the growth of each decade and sum them all:
In the period 1960-1970, we have x = 1, and the growth is:

In the period 1970-1980, we have x = 2, and the growth is:

The growth in the following 3 periods are:



So the total growth in the period 1960 - 2010 is:



Rounding to the nearest billion dollars, we have a total of 1222 billion dollars.
Answer:
4
Step-by-step explanation:
Yeah if you don't know this one... you're... special.
Answer:
6x - 2(x - 3) and x + 3(x - 2) - 6
The two expresaions that are quivalent are <u>6x - 2(x - 3)</u> and <u>x + 3(x - 2) - 6</u>.
Step-by-step explanation:
First expression which is 4(x - 3) is an example of a binomial that when multiplied together, the product would be 4x - 12. Therefore, second and third expressions are the answer.
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Step-by-step explanation:
Derive an expression for the equivalent width in a saturated line. Assume a Voigt profile, with the difference in optical depth between the center of the line and the wings being ~104. The wings of the line can be ignored. Define a frequency x1 = (v1 − v0)/ΔvD, where the optical depth τv = 1. Inside of x1 the line is fully saturated, and outside x1 the line is optically thin. Show that the equivalent width is

Note that the equivalent width is practically insensitive to the number density of absorbing material.