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Roman55 [17]
3 years ago
13

A client is being administered chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. Which blood cells will be stimulated by the

colony-stimulating factors in response to the effects of the chemotherapy?
Medicine
1 answer:
elena55 [62]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

The white blood cells i.e. granulocytes and macrophages are specifically stimulated by GM-CSF  in response to chemotherapy in cancer patients.

Explanation:

The colony stimulating factors (CSFs) are the regulators of granulocytes and macrophages in blood. The CSFs has the potential to regenerate the white blood cells damaged during chemotherapy. Thus, CSFs mobilize the stem cells to enhance the immune process and produce hematopoietic cells such as granulocytes, macrophages in cancer patients. The CSFs resemble hormones that are specifically targeted to produce blood cells in specified regions where the quantity of those cells is low. The CSFs belong to a group of regulatory factors also known as cytokines and does not produce only a single cell type but stimulates colonies of different blood cell types for any specific organ. Hematopoietic cells produced by CSF are step-wise and formation of blast colonies take place initially. Afterwards, the blast cells regenerate and differentiated into multiple progenitor cells consisting of granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages, eosinophills, erythroids, and lymphocytes. The progenitor cells in the granulocyte-macrophage lineage matures into neutrophilic granulocytes and macrophages.  

Out of all types of CSF colonies, the Granulocyte-Macrophage (GM-CSF) colony is specially involved in regenerating immune responses in cancer patients. These cytokines stimulates the dendritic cell formation and produces dendritic activity against the cancerous cells. These GM-CSF colonies enhance the immune response of host against melanomas, tumors by reducing their growth and inducing remission. Hence, it can be said that granulocytes and macrophages are infection protective cells and elevates dangerously low levels of white blood cells in cancer patients following chemotherapy. The GM-CSF induction regenerates the bone marrow which is damaged and improves stem cells production.  

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3 0
3 years ago
Describe how the care technique of adequate posture for bed ridden clients can impact parts of the respiratory system. Use corre
romanna [79]

Answer:

Patients who suffer from respiratory pathologies, generally present an increase in fluid in the alveoli, where they produce the gas exchange, that is why if we put the patient to bed completely, the gas exchange surface will be less, because the liquid that presents by the pulmonary emphysema is dispersed in more alveoli and therefore the difficulty of breathing is greater.

The ideal position then in this type of patient, where the problem is in the respiratory system, in the position of approximately 130 degrees, or an intermediate position between 180 and 90 degrees, since in this way the upper limb will not be at the same Height than the lower limb, the emphysema fluid does not disperse through the alveoli on a larger surface, but on a smaller surface, and thus the patient will be able to breathe better, and improve their gas exchange capacity.

Explanation:

The greater the occupied alveolar surface, the less capacity for gas exchange and therefore greater difficulty in breathing ... This would happen in patients who are fully reclined, that is, at 180 degrees.

If we position it well, between 90 and 180, approximately 130 degrees, less alveolar surface occupied by the fluid of the emphysema, greater gas exchange and therefore better breathing.

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