Answer: Enzymes are macro molecular biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions.
(a substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.)
Explanation:
The statement that describes a scientific theory is as follows: Jose explained that all planets orbit around the sun in an elliptical path (option A).
<h3>What is a scientific theory?</h3>
A scientific theory is a coherent statement or set of ideas that explains observed facts or phenomena and correctly predicts new facts or phenomena not previously observed.
A theory can also be described as a statement that sets out the laws and principles of something known or observed, in other words, a hypothesis confirmed by observation, experiment.
According to this question, the fact that all planets orbit around the sun in an elliptical path is a scientific theory because it has been tested and confirmed to be true.
Therefore, the statement that describes a scientific theory is as follows: Jose explained that all planets orbit around the sun in an elliptical path.
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the mitochondrion is where it takes place
Answer:
D) In case 1, both PS I and PS II completely lose function; in case 2, a proton gradient is still produced.
Explanation:
The light dependent reaction of photosynthesis, which produces the ATP and NADPH needed in the light independent stage of the process, includes complexes of proteins and pigments called PHOTOSYSTEMS. These photosystems (I and II) are key to the functionality of the light dependent reactions in the thylakoid.
The major pigment present in both photosystems is CHLOROPHYLL A, which absorbs light energy and transfers electrons to the reaction center. Chlorophyll B is only an accessory pigment meaning it can be done without. Hence, if all of the chlorophyll A is inactivated in the algae but leaves chlorophyll B intact as in case 1, both PS I and PS II will lose their function because Chlorophyll A is the major pigment that absorbs light energy in both photosystems.
In case 2, if PS I is inhibited and PS II is unaffected, a PROTON GRADIENT WILL STILL BE PRODUCED because the splitting of water into protons (H+) and electrons (e-) occurs in PSII. Hence, H+ ions can still be pumped into the inner membrane of the thylakoid in order to build a proton gradient even without the occurrence of PS I.