Answer:
- b. Cash from Financing Activities
- d. Bonds Payable
- e. Net Income
Explanation:
Bonds are a form of long term debt and in the cashflow statement this goes to the Financing section. A retirement of bonds would reduce cash and this would come from the Financing activities.
Bonds Payable will also decrease because the bond that is being retired will reduce the number of bonds payable that the company has to pay off.
Finally the Net income will reduce as well to reflect the loss on bond retirement. The bonds were issued at a discount owing to interest rates being higher than the coupon rate in 2011 but on the day the bonds were retired they were selling at a premium with interest rates at 4%. The company paid more than they received and this loss will reduce the net income.
Explanation:
To understand the basic philosophy behind the four factors of production
Land - Labor - Capital - Entrepreneurship
Lets consider an example:
Someday, just finishing your college, you think of starting a pizza business and you start selling pizza's one day. You might end up making a Pizza brand like Pizza Hut.
Here, in this example, to start your pizza shop, you need a place or area, this is known as Land factor. When you start making pizza, you need someone to work in that shop, (or if you doing it by yourself too) there should be at least some human being doing it, this factor is referred as Labor. To start the pizza shop, you need to buy the equipment, taking a shop on rent, or buying it, renovation of the shop etc. All of these things need, of course, Money, which is referred as Capital here. The idea you going to start this business, the courage to make it, definitely makes you an Entrepreneur, in utilizing all other factors effectively and efficiently. Therefore, this is linkage between these four factors of production, and how they fit together.
Traditionally, the formulas used to express a firm's cost of equity are the dividend capitalization model and the capital asset pricing model (CAPM).
Explanation:
Generally, two risk components determine a firm's cost of equity. The first is the systematic risk associated with the broader equity market. All firms are exposed to this risk, and it cannot be mitigated through diversification.
The second risk component is the unsystematic risk associated with the firm in question. This risk, often reflected as beta, a measure of the stock's volatility in relation to the volatility of the broader market, can be mitigated via diversification.
Answer:
Recourse debt.
Explanation:
Cancelled recourse debt are included as income and are taxable. Taxpayer get the benefit for using the money but does not have burden to repay the amount. These are mainly, prizes, awards on winning any contest etc. Debt which are forgiven or cancelled by lender are considered as Income and taxable. The law say that income from discharge of indebtness are included as income.
