As the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States intensified in the late 1940s and early 1950s, hysteria over the perceived threat posed by Communists in the U.S. became known as the Red Scare. The Red Scare led to a range of actions that had a profound and enduring effect on U.S. government and society.
Russia I believe. They beat Russia in the Russo-Japanese war. Check out "Feature History" youtube channel for more info. Just type Russo-Japanese war into youtube and it should pop up. Hope this helps.
In 1328 Ivan Kalita received the approval of Khan Muhammad Ozbeg to become the Grand Duke of Vladimir with the right to collect taxes from all Russian lands.