The correct answer is adverb clause
Pathos is appealing to one's emotions. As you read his speech, which lines spark some kind of emotion in you? This doesn't have to always be happy or sad feelings. This can be any emotion. You can also argue one way or another if you are being told that the lines you have chosen are counted as incorrect. Pathos is your reaction, your feelings.
Answer: A. his end goal was “to rip a reader's nerves to rags.”
