Answer:
Cesare Beccaria (1738–1794) wrote On Crimes and Punishments (1764), which was influential against the idea that punishment serves retribution. He reasoned that the purpose of imprisonment was the protection of society and the reform of criminals. Beccaria’s book is believed to have been influential in the abolition of torture and maiming as routine criminal punishments by the mid-nineteenth century.
Explanation:
He is well remembered for his treatise On Crimes and Punishments (1764), which condemned torture and the death penalty, and was a founding work in the field of penology and the Classical School of criminology. Beccaria is considered the father of modern criminal law and the father of criminal justice.
Occupation: Jurist, philosopher, economist, politician, and lawyer.
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Answer:
The city
Explanation:
After the Industrial Revolution, the process of urbanization took place. This refers to a trend of people from agricultural communities moving to urban communities (cities). The main reasons for this was because cities provided people with access to high-paying jobs and cultural attractions. Life in the city was meant to be more lively and rich. However, since the 1950s, many families have decided to move outside of cities (to suburbs), as these were considered to be better for young families.
Answer: C
Explanation: The Marshall Plan(also known as the European Recovery Program), was a United States program providing aid to Western Europe following the devastation of World War II. It was enacted in 1948 and provided more than $15 billion to help finance rebuilding efforts in Europe. In addition to economic redevelopment, a major goal of the Marshall Plan was to halt the spread of communism through the continent.
This was crafted as a four-year plan to reconstruct cities, industries and infrastructure that were damaged during the war, to eradicate trade barriers between European nations and develop trade relationships between those nations and the United States.
