Answer:
C. +23.1 kJ/mol
Explanation:
the formula to use to calculate the energy requirement in kJ/mol to transport a proton across the mitochondrial inner membrane in plant cells is:
ΔGt = RTIn 
+ ZFΔV
let's list the values of the data we are being given in the question to make it easier when solving it.
Z= 1
F= 96500C (faraday's constant)
ΔV= 160mV = 0.160V
R= 8.314( constant)
T= 15ºC ( converting our degree Celsius into kelvin, we will have 273.15k+ 15 = 288.15K)
∴ T= 288.15K
Putting it all together in the formula, we have:
ΔGt = 8.314 × 288.15 × 2.303 log + 1 × 96500 × 0.160
ΔGt = 5517.25 
+15440
ΔGt = 5517.25 
+15440
Given that the pH differential gradient across the membrane is 1.4pH units. It implies that;
ΔGt = 5517.25 × 1.4 + 15440
= 7724.15 +15440
= 23164.15 Joules/moles
= +23.1 KJ/mole
The nitrogen cycle could not exist without bacteria. Bacteria that lived inside the ground, catch the ntirogen that has been fixed and convert it into nitrate. This nitrate than used as a nutrients during photosynthesis from which the plants produce another fixed nitrogen and completed the cycle.
There are two main organs:
Kidney: purify blood from toxins, and harmful chemicals and excretes them from the body in the form of urine.
Liver: inactivates and filters toxins from the bloood and removes toxic substances that have been ingested, such as food additives, harmful minerals, toxic medications, excess hormones.
Answer:
supporting
Explanation:
Because they were inspired by the idea. Which means that they wanted to help in the development of a good ecosystem.
Rough ER<span> looks like sheets or disks of bumpy membranes while </span>smooth ER<span> looks more like tubes. </span>Rough ER<span> is called </span>rough<span> because it has ribosomes attached to its surface. The double membranes of </span>smooth<span> and </span>rough ER<span> form sacs called cisternae.</span>
