The first act that the parliament passed in an attempt to raise revenue by taxing the American colonists was the "stamp act" which was met with a great deal of resistance.
The New Jersey plan called for a single house with equal representation from each state (New Jersey would have been screwed over if Virginia got its way with proportional representation).
The Democratic Republicans preferred a decentralized system, fearing that a strong Federal government would be akin to returning to a Monarchy.
They were opposed by the Federalists who wanted a strong Federal government to push the country forward as a unified force.
To limit what black people do in the south