That's a 33% increase.
I calculated this using the formula:

Where n = the new value (16 in your question), o = the old value (12 in your question) and the result is outputted as a percent increase. You can check that this is correct by finding 33% of 12, adding the result to 12, and checking that the result equals your "new" number.
Note that 33% is only an approximation as your question requires a number rounded to the nearest whole.
Answer:
{4, 5 }
Step-by-step explanation:
Solve the inequality
n + 1 > 4 ( subtract 1 from both sides )
n > 3
The set of values that make the inequality true is { 4, 5 }
The answer is 3 11/12 because the last one said RUNNING and it asked how much did he SWIM. Here is the math.
6/12 + 5/12 = 11/12
1+2=3
3 11/12. Hope this helped!