Helios threatened to not shine anymore.
Technically Helios threatened to only shine in Hades, among the dead. However, this is the most similar to what happened in the legend. Therefore it is most likely the correct answer.
It did complex calculations needed to fire artillery!
To me it’s either A or D ... I’m not really sure
The correct answer is where the royal power was weak or non-existent
Whenever there was a king that couldn't keep everyone in line, the local lords would band up on him or would become more and more independent and it would be difficult to control them since they would often work even with foreign powers against their own lords. This led to the downfall of numerous dynasties or emperors in Europe.
The etymologies of the words in the list are as follows:
(1) create - Latin
(2) charity - old French
(3) reign - old French
(4) cold - German
(5) provide - Latin
(6) morning - English
(7) army - Old French
(8) prison - Old French
(9) courteous - Old French
(10) summer - German
Thus, the answers are charity, reign, army, prison, and courteous.