The correct option would be c.
Answer: It can decrease or increase a population of species.
Explanation: Limiting factors include the availability of food, water, shelter, and etc. When a population of species are limited in any of these, they either move or adapt to their environment. So, population tends to decrease. The population that may finds an abundance of resources will find that their numbers tend to increase. This cycle is repeated over and over again.
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<span>A deletion has occurred in the chromosomal structure. This is because the gene represented by d has been removed from the list of genes after the breakage has occurred.</span>