The tree topology
The lengths of the branches
The branching order of the tree
Nucleotide substitution rate
These would not affect maximum likelihood estimates of phylogenies when comparing different tree hypotheses.
<h3>What is tree topology?</h3>
- A unique kind of structure called a tree topology has numerous connected parts arranged like the branches of a tree.
<h3>The lengths of the branches:</h3>
- Branch lengths are a sign of genetic divergence; the longer the branch, the more genetic divergence has taken place.
- Usually, we calculate the average number of nucleotide or protein substitutions per site to assess the degree of genetic alteration.
<h3>The branching order of the tree:</h3>
- The topology of a tree refers to its branching structure.
- Species (or higher taxa), populations, genes, and proteins are examples of taxonomic units that the nodes represent.
- A branch is referred to as an edge, and it represents an estimate of the length of time between the evolutionary relationships between taxonomic units.
<h3>What is nucleotide substitution rate?</h3>
- The instantaneous rate of change from each of the four nucleotides to each of the other four nucleotides is summarized in the nucleotide substitution rate matrix.
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Answer:
there might be fewer rabbits and foxes
Explanation:
If carrots were removed from the food web then there might be fewer rabbits and foxes. This is because based on this web, carrots make up 50% of the rabbit's diet. If this is removed, then there would not be enough food to maintain the same size population and the population will begin to shrink. This also applies to the fox population since their main source of food are the rabbits. If the rabbit population decreases, then the fox population will decrease as well since their food supply has shrunk and will not be able to maintain the current fox population size.
Phospholipid is the answer
Answer:
amoeba
Explanation:
Amoebas are organisms that are just basically jelly and a nucleus. There's an attached picture.
That "jelly" is called protoplasm; it's the fluid that makes up the amoeba's body.
Why not A: vacuoles are just protoplasm, no nucleus. they're not organisms.
Why not C: bacteria have no nucleus; they have a nucleoid region.
Why not D: a pseudopodium is an extension of an amoeba, kind of like a retractable arm.
The cell requires a barrier between itself and its environment.