Answer/Explanation:
(1) a mutation in the coding region, resulting in an inactive protein
To check to see if there is a mutation, you could extract the DNA from the cancer cells and then perform PCR to amplify the gene of interest. You could then perform sanger sequencing and compare the sequence to the normal gene to see if a mutation is present. To test the effect of the mutation, you would want to see if an active protein has been formed.
To see if a normal sized protein has been formed, you could perform a western blot, comparing the protein band to the WT protein band. If the protein is absent or much smaller, it is likely not a functional protein.
(2) epigenetic silencing at the promoter of the gene, resulting in reduced transcription.
To check for changes in the epigenetic landscape of the promoter, you could perform chromatin immunoprecipitation by extracting the chromatin from the tumour cells and using antibodies for different chromatin marks to see what has changed between the normal cells and the tumor cells. E.g. H3K9me3, H3K27me3. You would perform a pull down with the antibody of interest and then PCR for your promoter to specifically look at changes at that gene compared to normal cells. To test DNA methylation, you could perform bisulfite sequencing.
To see how transcription is affected, you could extract RNA from the tumor and normal cells, and compare the levels of RNA between the two samples by qRT-PCR
Answer:
Here is the full question:
(A) If a closed container contains a mouse as well as enough food, water, and oxygen for the mouse to live for 3 weeks,
How much will the container weigh 1 and 2 weeks later after the mouse has eaten, drunk and exercised (respiration is CO2 emission), and why?
(B) If the mouse was in a wire cage and only the weights of the mouse, food, and water were considered, would you come to the same answer as in (A) and why?
Explanation:
(A) The mouse will weigh the same. This is because solids, liquid, and gases cannot escape the closed container. All of the life processes involving reactions conserve the atoms involved. Some of those atoms will appear in the form of gases, some as solids, and others as liquids but all will be retained in the closed container.
(B) In a wire cage, gases can escape. This means that the weight will not be the same after 1 and 2 weeks. The weight would be less than the original weight of the mouse, it's food, and it's water.
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Answer:
The pH of a solution containing 0.1 mM H+ is 4
Explanation:
The pH of any solution is given by the following mathematical equation -
![pH = -log[H_{+}]\\](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%20%3D%20-log%5BH_%7B%2B%7D%5D%5C%5C)
----------- Equation (A)
Where,
= the concentration of hydrogen ion in the solution.
Given
= 
Substituting the given value in equation (A) , we get -
![pH = -log[10^{-4}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%20%3D%20-log%5B10%5E%7B-4%7D%5D)
Hence, The pH of a solution containing 0.1 mM H+ is 4
