By multiplying the rate constant by the substrate concentration (amount) or by determining reaction velocity (V).
If producers were removed from an ecosystem, it would fall apart. Producers are the organisms at the bottom of the food chain, which produce glucose and nutrients for consumers. If producers were removed from an ecosystem, the consumers would have no nutrients and die, causing their predators to die, and so on.
Heterozygous refers to a pair of alleles in which one is dominant and one is recessive. As you can see, all genotypes for possible offspring in the Punnett square are heterozygous. This means the probability of the parents having a child that is heterozygous is 100 percent likely.
Answer:
<span>D. 100%
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