Answer:
Details about DNA are given in the explanation section. Hope it will be helpful for you.
Explanation:
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary element in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same type of DNA. Most DNA is found in the cell nucleus (nuclear DNA), but a small quantity of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA).
The information in DNA is stored as a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Human DNA consists of about 3 billion bases, and more than 99 percent of those bases are the same type in all people.
DNA bases pair up with each other, A with T and C with G, to form units that are called base pairs. Each base is also attached to a sugar molecule and a phosphate molecule. A base, sugar, and phosphate are called a nucleotide. Nucleotides are arranged in two long strands that form a spiral called a double helix.
A valuable feature of DNA is that it can replicate, or make copies of itself. Each strand of DNA in the double helix can serve as a pattern for duplicating the sequence of bases.
The endosymbiotic hypothesis explains that how eukaryotic cells might have evolved chloroplasts and mitochondria within their cells.
The endosymbiotic hypothesis states that the eukaryotes have developed via a procedure whereby distinct kinds of free-living prokaryotes became assimilated within the bigger prokaryotic cells and ultimately evolved into chloroplasts, mitochondria, and various other organelles.
Because the mutation which does not have any effect on protein code I.e. even after the mutation if the gene still codes the same protein is called silent mutation
Answer:
Mental process is a term used for the things that an individual can do with their minds; perception, memory, thinking, volition, and emotion. Cognitive function is sometimes used instead.
