The biosphere is made up of living things, so the atmosphere gives it air to breathe, the hydrosphere provides water. Hope that helps somewhat
Answer:
C) a formal contract that specifies a firm's obligations to the bondholders.
Explanation:
In terms of public offerings of bonds, an indenture is a formal contract that specifies a firm's obligations to the bondholders. It is typically a legal and binding contract between a firm (bond issuer) and its bondholders, which provides detailed information on terms and clauses.
The indenture specifies the essential features of a bond, these includes callabilty of bonds, interest payments time, maturity date of the bond, interest calculation method etc.
Hence, in case there's a conflict between the bond issuer and the bondholders; the indenture would be the reference document to be used for conflict resolution.
<u>Solution and Explanation:</u>
The Journal Entries in the books of Brock's water enterprise is as follows :-
Date Particulars and details Debit($) Credit($)
Jan 5, 2018 Intangible Assets - Lease 905861
Lease Payable 905861
(Being Record the Lease)
Jan 5, 2018 Lease Payable 125000
Cash 125000
(Being Record Down Payment)
Dec 31, 2018 Amortization Expenses ($905861divide 10) 90586
Accumulated Amortization 90586
(Being Record the amortization)
Jan 5, 2019 Lease Payable 
62531
Interest Expenses 
62469
Cash 125000
(Being Record the Second Lease Payment)
Expected return of the stock is greater than 12%.
Using formula, Risk free rate + beta (market risk rate - risk free rate)\
= 2% + 2.0 (7%-2%)
= 13.6 - 0.4* risk premium
Risk premium of a stock is greater than 12%.
A stock's total return takes into account both capital gains and losses as well as dividend income, as opposed to a stock's nominal return, which only displays its price movement. In addition to considering the actual rate of return, investors should consider their ability to withstand the risk involved with a given investment. An investment's return on investment (ROI) provides a general indication of its profitability. The return on investment (ROI) is calculated by subtracting the investment's initial cost from its final value, dividing the result by the cost of the investment, and finally multiplying the result by 100.
Note that the full question is:
If the market risk premium is 7%, the risk-free rate is 2% and the beta of a stock is 2.0, what is the expected return of the stock?
A. less than 12%.
B. 12%.
C. greater than 12%.
D. cannot be determined.
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Total unrealized holding gain would Beresford report in its 2021 income statement relative to its investments in bonds is $36,600.
Unrealized holding gains are increases in the value of assets that a company or individual continues to hold.
This gain has not yet been reported on the entity's income statement as a realized gain.
The gain is considered realized once the asset is sold.
Assets are frequently held even after a gain in value has occurred, either because the owner expects another gain or because the owner does not want to pay taxes on the gain.
Therefore, total unrealized holding gain is the difference between the fair value of trading securities on 12/31/2021 and at 12/31/2020.
For the figures used refer to the attached image.
total unrealized holding gain = (76000 - 65000) + (98100 - 67000) + (58500 - 64000)
= 11000 + 31100 - 5500
= $36,600
Hence, the correct answer is $36,600.
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