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4 years ago

The Clean Air Act of 1990 reduces the negative externalities caused by power plant air and water pollution by

Business

1 answer:

olga2289 [7]4 years ago

8 0

Answer:

The correct answer is the option A: direct government regulation.

Explanation:

First of all, the Clean Air Act of 1963 is the name given to a United States federal law whose main purpose is to control the air pollution on a national level, encourage and taken care by the federal government. It is administrated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or EPA by its acronomyn.

Secondly, in 1990 some major amendments were included in the original act. These amendments <u><em>established an increase in the responsibility, enforcement authority and expanded research programs given directly by the federal government</em></u> with the purpose of decrease the level of pollution at national level.

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A loan is amortized over five years with monthly payments (i.e. end of month) at an annual nominal interest rate of 5% compounde

BlackZzzverrR [31]

Given:
Amortizing period = 5 years
APR=5% per annum
interest rate, i = 0.05/12 per month
number of periods, n = 5*12=60 months (for amortization)
Payment schedule:
$500 at the end of first month,
increased by $20 each month thereafter.
Borrowed amount: not given

Question: Find outstanding loan balance after the 40th payment.

Solution:
Step 1: First we need to find the amount borrowed, P.
From the payment schedule, we decompose the payment into two components,

A. Equivalent uniform monthly payment, As, for a step amount of G=$20 a month, starting with zero after the first month, for a period of 5 years (n=60).
The value of As can be obtained from a specialized formula for step-payments,
$As=\frac{G((1+i)^{n}-i*n-1)}{i(1+i)^{n}-i}$
Substitute values, G=20,i=0.05/12,n=60
$As=\frac{20((1+.05/12)^{60}-(.05/12)*60-1)}{(.05/12)(1+.05/12)^{60}-(.05/60)}$
=565.0847

B. Principal, Pb, for a uniform monthly payment of A a month
The principal,Pb can be found from the basic amortizing formula to be
$Pb=\frac{A((1+i)^{n}-1)}{i(1+i)^{n}}$
We have
Equivalent uniform monthly payment
=500+equivalent uniform payment step amounts
=500+565.0847
=1065.0847
substituting values, A=1065.0847,i=.05/12,n=60
$=\frac{1065.0847((1+.05/12)^{60}-1)}{(.05/12)(1+.05/12)^{60}}$
=56439.591
check: average monthly payment = 1100
duration: 60 months
total amount paid = 60*1100=66000
average annual interest=((66000-56439)/56439-1)/5=3.3% (~ 5%/2) ok.

Amount borrowed, P=56439.591

Step 2: Future value of loan at the end of the 40th month.
This can be found by the compound interest formula
F=P(1+i)^n=56439.591(1+0.05/12)^40=66652.416

Step 3: Future value of payments
first we need to find the equivalent monthly payment of the step payments, using the same formula as in step 1, but with n=40
$A=\frac{G((1+i)^{n}-i*n-1)}{i(1+i)^{n}-i}$
$=\frac{20((1+0.05/12)^{40}-(0.05/12)*40-1)}{(0.05/12)(1+0.05/12)^{40}-(0.05/12)}$
=378.924
This should be added to the constant payment of $500 a month to give
A=500+378.924=878.924
Future value of monthly payment of 878.924
$F=\frac{A((1+i)^{n}-1)}{i}$
Substitute values, A=878.924, i=0.05/12, n=40
$=\frac{878.924((1+0.05/12)^{40}-1)}{0.05/12}$
=38170.213

Step 4: Outstanding balance right after the 40th payment
=future value of loan - future value of payments
=66652.416-38170.213
=28482.20

Answer: Outstanding balance after the 40th payment is $28482.20

7 0

3 years ago

A consumer goods company segments its markets on the basis of purchase patterns of their customers. The company groups its produ

Inga [223]

Answer:

Segmentation based on product usage

Explanation:

This is the process where by a Market research is carried out to know the frequency of the customers product usage there by allowing the company to be able to align its product with the given statistics. In other to push up the product usage advertisement campaigns are made to let the customers understand new uses of the products.

4 0

3 years ago

The New Fund had average daily assets of $2.7 billion in the past year. The fund sold $405 million and purchased $505 million wo

KATRIN_1 [288]

Answer:

turnover ratio = 16.87 %

Explanation:

given data

average daily assets = $2.7 billion

fund sold = $405 million

purchased = $505 million

solution

we get here turnover ratio that is express as

turnover ratio = $\frac{total\ stock\ sold}{daily\ assets}$ ................1

put here value and we get turnover ratio

turnover ratio = $\frac{405\ million}{2400\ million}$

turnover ratio = 0.16875

turnover ratio = 16.87 %

5 0

3 years ago

Which best explains what happens to the money that a consumer deposits into a bank account? The bank saves some of the money for

Nina [5.8K]

Answer: The bank reserves part of the money and uses the rest to make loans to other people who need them.

Explanation: money doesn't just sit in the banks. the money will still there but some will be used by the banks for other loans and interests.

(i also took the test so this is most likely correct)

hope it goes well!

6 0

3 years ago

Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true regarding the selection of a portfolio from those that lie on the capital alloc

Vesnalui [34]

Answer:

d. II and III

Explanation:

Capital Allocation Line is a graphical representation of risk measurement for risky & risk free assets.

Risk aversion is the tendency of investors to prefer less expected payoff with certainty, over more expected payoff with risk & uncertainty. So, More risk averse investors have their investment concentration in more risk free securities than risky portfolio components, compared to less risk averse investors.

Investors expected utility is derived from their expected income or wealth payoff. Investors choose the portfolio, whose expected income level gives them corresponding maximum expected utility

3 0

3 years ago