The introduction of instant photography into her business makes Polaroid an example of disruptive innovation.
<h3>What is disruptive innovation?</h3>
Disruptive innovation serves as a kind of innovation which creates a new market and value network .
This value is usually created into the bottom of an existing market.
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<u>Full question:</u>
Angela is part of the senior management of Fifian Inc., an event management company. She along with other members of the senior management plans the annual budget of the company. Angela, however, is not required to take inputs from or involve the middle and supervisory managers of the company in this planning process. In the given scenario, Fifian Inc. most likely uses _____.
A. top-down budgeting
B. incremental budgeting
C. bottom-up budgeting
D. zero-based budgeting
<u>Answer:</u>
In the given scenario, Fifian Inc. most likely uses top-down budgeting
<u>Explanation:</u>
Top-down budgeting relates to a budgeting system where senior management equips a high-level estimate for the company. Through top-down budgeting, the company’s administration views prior practices and contemporary market circumstances.
Customarily, department directors and lower-level staff do not partake in the meetings but may put forward proposals for consideration. Such a kind of budget concentrates on the overall germination of the organization. Since managers are not a member of the budget-making method, they may not perceive much urge to assure their success.
Answer:
D. total assets to common stockholders' equity
Explanation:
The financial leverage multiplier (FLM) is defined as the ratio of the firm’s total assets to the shareholders’ equity.
Analyzing the answer choices provided, the one that better fits the description above is alternative D. total assets to common stockholders' equity
Answer:
As in her worthless note,Sandy has a zero adjusted basis. Her bad debt deduction is Nil according to Section 166 (b).
Section 166(g)(1) states that her capital loss realized on the deemed sale of this stoke is also nil because of zero adjusted basis in her worthless stock.
According to Reg. Sec.1.1366-2(a)(5) if all of her stock is disposed by an S corporation shareholder and loss carryforward attributable to the Section 1366 (d) basis. Limitaitons are permanently disaalowed.
Hence, her $7,400 ordinary loss carryforward can never be deducted by Sandy.
Sandy has no 2012 tax consequences from worthlessness of her Lindlee investments
Answer:
If the firm uses less leverage, its ROE will decrease since the cost of equity is much higher than the cost of debt. If all debt is eliminated, then ROE will decrease to 7.764% from 10.83%.
Explanation:
net income = $9.75 million
capital structure:
- $90 million equity
- $60 million debt
interest rate = 4% and tax rate = 21%
current return on equity (ROE) = $9.75 / $90 = 10.83%
current return of assets (ROA) = $9.75 / $150 = 6.5%
cost of debt = 4% x (1 - 21%) = 3.16%
if the company issues more equity to lower debt to 0, then:
net income = $9.75 + [$60 million x 4% x (1 - 21%)] = $9.75 + $1.896 = $11.646 million
return on equity (ROE) = $11.646 / $150 = 7.764%
return of assets (ROA) = $11.646 / $150 = 7.764%
