B was not an intolerable act
Tobacco in Colonial Virginia
Contributed by Emily Jones Salmon and John Salmon
Tobacco was colonial Virginia's most successful cash crop. The tobacco that the first English settlers encountered in Virginia—the Virginia Indians' Nicotiana rustica—tasted dark and bitter to the English palate; it was John Rolfe who in 1612 obtained Spanish seeds, or Nicotiana tabacum, from the Orinoco River valley—seeds that, when planted in the relatively rich bottomland of the James River, produced a milder, yet still dark leaf that soon became the European standard. Over the next 160 years, tobacco production spread from the Tidewater area to the Blue Ridge Mountains, especially dominating the agriculture of the Chesapeake region. Beginning in 1619 the General Assembly put in place requirements for the inspection of tobacco and mandated the creation of port towns and warehouses. This system assisted in the development of major settlements at Norfolk, Alexandria, and Richmond. Tobacco formed the basis of the colony's economy: it was used to purchase the indentured servants and slaves to cultivate it, to pay local taxes and tithes, and to buy manufactured goods from England. Promissory notes payable in tobacco were even used as currency, with the cost of almost every commodity, from servants to wives, given in pounds of tobacco. Large planters usually shipped their tobacco directly to England, where consignment agents sold it in exchange for a cut of the profits, while smaller planters worked with local agents who bought their tobacco and supplied them with manufactured goods. In the mid-seventeenth century, overproduction and shipping disruptions related to a series of British wars caused the price of tobacco to fluctuate wildly. Prices stabilized again in the 1740s and 1750s, but the financial standings of small and large planters alike deteriorated throughout the 1760s and into the 1770s. By the advent of the American Revolution (1775–1783), some planters had switched to growing food crops, particularly wheat; many more began to farm these crops to support the war effort. In the first year of fighting, tobacco production in Virginia dropped to less than 25 percent of its annual prewar output.
The Iroquois longhouse were built to house 20 or more families.
The Iroquois Indian tribe was actually a confederacy of six Native American nations. It consisted of the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, and Tuscarora. They were a very powerful and prominent Indian tribe.
They were called Iroquois by their neighbors (the Algonkian speaking people) and European settlers. They actually called themselves Haudenosaunee, which meant “people who live in the extended longhouses.” The Iroquois lived in a type of dwelling known as a longhouse. A longhouse is a long, narrow single room that was built by Native American Indians, but also by those inhabiting Asia and Europe. Many cultures regard the longhouse as the earliest form of a permanent structure. While the longhouse may have reached lengths of 100 meters, they were generally never wider than 5 to 7 meters.
The Iroquois longhouses had doors on both ends. They were usually covered with animal skins during the winters to keep some of the cold air out. Each Iroquois longhouse was designed so as many as twenty families or more could live in it. A family would occupy a booth on either side of the hallway. The booth had a wooden platform for sleeping.
To build the Iroquois longhouse, the Indians set poles in the ground. Horizontal poles supported those poles. By bending a series of poles, the Iroquois were able to create an arc shaped roof for the longhouse. The frame of the Iroquois longhouse was made by sewing bark and using that as shingles.
Iroquois longhouses had no windows, just the doors at each end. Missionaries wrote about how dark the inside of the houses were. The only other openings in the house were at the ceiling. There were holes there to allow the fire pit smoke to escape, but those holes provided very little natural light. The fire pits were located in the hallway and shared by the families.
<span>People have different cultures and traditions which greatly influence
their rights and needs as citizens of their countries. To guarantee one’s
rights is to look deeply within his values and beliefs as well as trace back
the history why these values were formed in the first place, which will take a
lifetime of observation. This means, the main problem here is time against the rights
of the people which needs to be quickly acted upon. A utopian world is impossible
but in order to hopefully, guarantee the people’s rights, one must decide which
right is applicable across cultures to avoid conflicts of interest.</span>
It would be a loan. You have to pay it back but it will eaqual up to 20k :)
