Stomata play an important role in photosynthesis as they allow the plant to absorb carbon dioxide from the environment. In exchange, stomata allow oxygen, which is a waste product of photosynthesis, to be released. In the process, water vapor is also lost as the internal parts of the leaves are exposed. To reduce exposure, stomata are found on the underside of the leaves. They are protected from the sun as excessive heat can increase the rate of water vapor leaving and thus wither the plant. Stomata also have guard cells around the epidermis that close when too much water is being lost.
Answer:
Explanation:
1. Progeny observed in the experiment is calculated by adding all the progeny numbers observed in the :
TIME TO FRUIT TENDRIL SIZE FRUIT COLOR NUMBER
Normal normal dark 370
normal normal light 32
early normal light 971
early normal dark 28
early reduced dark 25
early reduced light 483
normal reduced light 36
normal reduced dark 810
TOTAL
PROGENCY <u>2755</u>
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2. The locus in the center is TIME TO FRUIT. Tendril size is at the beginning of the locus and the distance between the locus B and locus C is R2
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Answer:
The correct answer is: C. third nucleotide position.
Explanation:
- Genes located on the chromosomes encodes for proteins.
- A Gene is made up of a Deoxyribonucleotide (DNA) sequence which is transcribed into the messenger Ribonucleotide (mRNA) sequence by the help of RNA polymerase.
- This mRNA sequence is further translated into the amino acid sequence, that folds to form the functional protein, by the help of the Ribosome.
- The Ribosome reads the mRNA sequence in the form of triplets (three nucleotide together) and each such triplet nucleotide codes for an amino acid.
- Each such triplet nucleotide is known as a Codon.
- The Genetic Code is a table which represents the amino acid encoded by each codon.
- However, the Genetic Code is degenerate in nature. This means that one amino acid can be coded by more than one codon.
- This is because, among the the three nucleotide positions in a codon only the first two determine the specificity of the amino acid while the third nucleotide, also called the wobble nucleotide, is not specific. Presence of any nucleotide in the third position of the codon will not alter the amino acid encoded by the codon.
- In the given question, organisms producing homologous protein have similar amino acid sequence but they vary in the corresponding nucleotide sequence of the gene which codes for the homologous protein.
- This is because at the nucleotide level the variation lies in the wobble nucleotide position that occupies the third position in the codon.
