Answer:
c) identifying the bell as a neutral stimulus; identifying food as the unconditioned stimulus; repeatedly presenting the sound of the bell followed by food; presenting the sound of the bell to produce saliva.
Explanation:
Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov was studying salivation in dogs during the 1890s and comes up with the theory of classical conditioning in which a neutral stimulus was closely associated with the unconditioned stimulus to obtain a particular conditioned response. the theory involves learning to combine an unconditional stimulus that has already given rise to a specific response with a new stimulus so that the new stimulus results in the same response.
What is necessary for contact hypothesis to work?
A: Training for leaders
B: An emergency situation
<u>C: Equal status of the groups
</u>
D: Bonding between the groups
Answer: c) Concurrent validity.
Explanation:
Concurrent validity is defined as the validity that is obtained by comparison between well-confirmed test and the new test that has been taken.It is used for finding the extent to which the test score is relative by concurrent testing the current situation along with the related measurement.
According to the question,if the new anxiety test and established anxiety test has comparable outcome then it has high concurrent validity.
Other options are incorrect because predictive validity defines extent to which the outcome is correct as per prediction,standardization is criteria for compatibility and performance criteria defined as the required extent of characteristic while performing.
Thus, the correct option is option(c).