Question

During the course of infection, Giardia will pass through many different anatomical locations. Each of these locations is associated with specific events in Giardia intestinalis pathogenesis. Each statement below describes a key pathogenic event, sort the events by placing them in the bin that describes the anatomical location in which they occur Place each event into the bin that describes the anatomical location where it occurs View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Trophozoites emerge nhozoits adbere viaExcystment Trophozoites and cysts are expelled ventral disc Ingestion of cysts rophozoites reproduce Encystment occurs Colon Rectum (feces) Mouth Lumen of small intestine Epithelial lining of intestine

Answer 1

Answer: during the course of infection the parasite, Giardia lamblia, pass through many anatomical locations to achieve its pathogenic effects which occurs in one host.

Explanation: infective form of the parasite is the mature cyst. Infection is acquired through ingestion of cysts in contaminated water or food. From the mouth the cyst passes down to the duodenum where it undergoes excystation. The cyst hatches out two trophozoites. By means of concavity on its ventral surface the trophozoites attaches to the epithelial lining of the small intestines. Encrustation occurs commonly in transit down the colon. Trophozoites retract the flagella into the axonemes, the cytoplasm becomes condensed and a thin tough hyaline cyst wall is secreted. As the cyst matures, the internal structures are doubled, so that when excystation occurs, the cytoplasm divides thus reproducing two trophozoites. Trophozoites are expelled through the anus with diarrhoeal stools.

Answer 2

G. lamblia takes on two morphologically distinct forms during its life cycle. Giardia infects humans but is also one of the most common parasites infecting cats, dogs, and birds. Giardia infects humans but is also one of the most common parasites infecting cats, dogs, and birds.

Further Explanation

Giardia is a microscopic parasite that causes diarrhea known as giardiasis. Giardia (also known as Giardia intestinalis, Giardia lamblia, or Giardia duodenalis) is found on the surface or in soil, food, or water that has been contaminated with feces (feces) from infected humans or animals.

Giardia is protected by external skin which allows it to stay outside the body for long periods of time and makes it resistant to chlorine disinfection. While parasites can be spread in various ways, water (drinking water and recreational water) is the most common mode of transmission.

Giardia trophozoites absorb their nutrients from the intestinal lumen and are anaerobic. If an organism is divided and stained, its characteristic pattern resembles the familiar "smiley face" symbol. The main pathways for human infection include the ingestion of untreated waste, a phenomenon that is very common in many developing countries; natural waters contamination also occurs in watersheds where intensive grazing occurs. Giardia infections occur worldwide, however, Giardia lamblia is the most commonly identified intestinal parasite in the United States and Canada among children in child care centers, pedestrians, family members, and adults who have immune disorders. About 20,000 cases per year in the United States are reported.

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Grade:  College

Subject:  Biology

keywords:  Giardia lamblia