We have some variable r that we divide over 3, and then we add on 5. Note the order of operations PEMDAS says to divide first and then add (since D comes before A in PEMDAS).
When we isolate r, we follow PEMDAS in reverse and undo everything. We undo addition by subtracting 5 from both sides
Then we undo the division happening to r. So we multiply both sides by 3
Since r is less than or equal to 9, this means that r could be 9 or smaller