Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination that existed in South Africa.
the role and responsibilities of the President
Article 2 of the United States Constitution basically establishes the executive branch of the government. The Executive branch of the government is the branch that has the responsibility and authority for enforcing the law throughout the country
The correct answers to this question are that the United States and France had been allies for more than 150 years; and if Vietnam fell to Communism, its neighbors, Laos and Cambodia, might fall too.
The Vietnam War and all the previous revolutionary process (which includes the war between Vietnam and France) must be understood as part of the Cold War, which confronted communism and capitalism.
France was, together with Great Britain, the main ideological ally of the United States on the capitalist side. On the other hand, the relations with France had been of collaboration from the same War of Independence of the United States (with some exceptions, like the Quasi-War). The United States had been the main collaborator of France in the Second World War, which was an event that had strengthened this relationship between both countries.
In addition, the Cold War posed the threat of communism. This had spread in Eastern Europe and Asia, thanks to the influence of the Soviet Union and China. Each new revolution that began was a threat to the system defended by the United States. In this context, the rise of Vietnam as a defender of communism, coupled with the influence that this revolution could have in neighboring countries of Southeast Asia, caused the United States to support France in the conflict and subsequently, the American Armed Forces entered directly in combat.
The first major legislation that Roosevelt<span> and Congress passed in the </span>Second New Deal<span>—in response to the critics—was the Works Progress Administration (WPA). Created in 1935, the WPA was an effort to appease the “Longites” who clamored for more direct assistance from the federal government.</span>
The single greatest political innovation of the ancient Greeks was the establishment of the polis, or "city-state. In the Mycenean age, the Greeks lived in small, war-oriented kingdoms, but for reasons unknown to us, they abandoned their cities and their kingdoms sometime between 1200 and 1100 BC. From that point onwards, they lived in either sedentary or nomadic tribal groups; the period is called the Greek Dark Ages and lasted until sometime between 800 and 700 BC. The tribal or clan units of the dark ages slowly grew into larger political units at the end of this period; beginning around 800 BC, trade began to dramatically accelerate between the peoples of Greece. Marketplaces grew up in Greek villages and communities began to gather together into large defensive units, building fortifications to use in common. On this foundation, the Greek-speaking people who lived on the Greek peninsula, the mainland, and the coast of Asia Minor, developed political units that were centrally based on a single city . These city-states were independent states that controlled a limited amount of territory surrounding the state. The largest of these city-states, for instance, was Sparta, which controlled more than 3000 square miles of surrounding territory.
The overwhelming characteristic of the city-state was its small size; this allowed for a certain amount of experimentation in its political structure. The age of the city-state in Greece is an age of dynamic and continual experimentation with political structures; this period of experimentation gave the European world most of its available political structures. Its small size also allowed for democracy, since individual city-states were small enough that the free male citizens constituted a body small enough to make policy decisions relatively efficiently. The overwhelming importance of the polis in the evolution of European political structures is betrayed by the word "political" itself: derived from the word polis , "political" etymologically means "of or relating to the polis ."
Politically, all the Greek city-states began as monarchies. In their earliest stages, they were ruled by a basileus , or hereditary king. The Greeks living in those city-states, however, soon tired of the kings, many of which were overthrown in the eighth century BC. A variety of political alternatives were experimented with in place of the basileus : these included oligarchy, timocracy, tyranny, and democracy.
