Physical exercise preserves bone mass. Measurements of bone biomarkers may reflect the events in bone during exercise. Fifteen healthy, well-trained individuals (7 men and 8 women) performed a running test for 21 min until exhaustion. Venous blood samples were drawn before and 30 min after the exercise to measure the levels of osteocalcin, the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and the carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP). After exercise, the women had a marked increase in serum osteocalcin concentrations (from 7.5±5.0 μg/1 to 11.5±3.0 μg/1), whereas the level was unaffected in the men (from 14.5±3.0 μg/1 to 13.5±4.6 μg/l). In the men there was a marked increase in PICP (from 240±47 μg/1 to 268±56 μg/1) that was not seen in the women (from 244±70 μg/1 to 253±60 μg/1). In neither group did ICTP levels change. In conclusion, significant responses were seen in PICP and osteocalcin during exercise, indicating that such measurements may be valuable for the further delineation of the effects of physical activity on bone. Furthermore, the different responses in men and women point to interesting areas for future studies.
Lipids are stored as triacylglycerols and waxes on both animals and plants
<h3>What is lipids ?</h3>
Lipid can be described as an organic compound that is not soluble in water. lipid is an essential component that is needed for proper functionality in both plants and animals.
In plants, lipids help provide lots of energy that is needed for different metabolic processes that goes on in the plant. Lipids also help fight off pathogens in plants
In animals, lipids also serve as an energy source and they help in the regulation of the different hormones present in the body. Lipid also help signal important molecules when they are required in the body and they also help in the proper digestion of food molecules.
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Answer:
c. mitochondrion, virus, hemoglobin, glucose, water molecule
Explanation:
The mitochondrion is a membrane which is found in cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is also known as power house of cells. This is largest from virus, hemoglobin, water molecule and glucose.
Virus is second largest and is small infectious agent. It has capability to infect many organisms and living cells. Hemoglobin is protein which is present in red blood cells. Glucose is a type of sugar presence in the blood. Water molecule is composed of hydrogen and oxygen and is smallest among the others.
Answer:
Explanation
Water in a lake freezes from the bottom up, killing most aquatic organisms. When water in a lake freezes, it floats, providing insulation for organisms below. ... If water were most dense as a solid, lakes would freeze from the bottom up, eventually freezing solid.
