Answer: Crude Birth Rate and Crude Death Rate
Explanation: Both indicate the Natural Increase Rate of a country
It causes the seafloor and outermost crust (the lithosphere) to bend and form a steep, V-shaped depression.
Highwall mining is often used when excavating an open-pit mine becomes too expensive. There are many advantages over underground mining, including the fact that it is both more cost-effective and involves less lead time.
Human and physical (look up the definition.)