Found in retina, Starbust amacrine cells are characterized by simultaneous release of two neurotransmitters. These two neurotransmitters are GABA and acetylcholine. Bistratified states dual layer of cells. So, bistratified starburst amacrine cells occur in two types namely ON and OFF types.
ON types has stomata in Ganglion cell layer Inner Plexiform Layer while OFF types has stomata in Inner Nuclear Layer and Inner Plexiform Layer. Sox2 is a transcription factor associated with ability to modify the morphology and ratio of cells.
The mentioned paper aims to find if both ON and OFF types are neurally connected by bistratified starburst amacrine cells. The results suggested that Sox2 can alter binding of bipolar cells with dendrites.
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It doesn't stay up there for long and there are several different ways that it can get up there. hope this helps:)
I don't know what options you have but in a situation of panic like this one, the sympathetic division of the nervous system is dominant. <span>The sympathetic division prepares the body for this situation in two possible ways to ensure survival: fight our flight. There will be increased </span><span>blood to vital organs(
<span> adrenaline</span>
<span> oxygen circulation),</span><span> blood clotting (minimizes loss of blood if wounded),</span> <span> peripheral vision (improves vision), etc to make a better response.
The answer is probably: dominance
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The heart is superior to the stomach and inferior to the brain
