The Parthian empire was a major Iranian political and cultural power in ancient Iran and Iraq. They were able to conquer civilizations like the Seleucid as they were able to seize Media and Mesopotamia from the Seleucid making them lose control of their eastern land and it was replaced by the Romans.
The correct answer is: "People in the community fear becoming similarly shamed."
Indeed, Hester Prynne has been convicted of adultery because of giving birth to a child out of wedlock. This is not only considered a sin by the very religious and Puritan society of her time but a crime under their theocratic laws. Her Scarlett letter is a form of public shaming that completely ostracizes her from her society and most people scorn her for her sin.
Christopher Columbus sighted the island during his first voyage of
discovery on 27 October 1492, and claimed it for Spain.
