Answer: A substance is matter which has a specific composition and specific properties. Every pure element is a substance. Every pure compound is a substance. Examples of substances: Iron is an element and hence is also a substance.
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Phosphate sugar backbone:
The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA. This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.
Nitrogenous base:
Nitrogen bases are the molecules that make up the steps of the ladders. There are four different nitrogen bases, namely; Guanine, Thymine,Adenine and Cytosine.
Pyrimidines are compounds that make a single 6-sided ring. Examples of pyrimidines are Cytosine and Thymine.
Purines on the other hand make 5-sided and 6-sided rings. Examples of purines are Guanine and Adenine.
The nitrogen bases are helped together through hydrogen bonds.
Hydrogen Bonds:
A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.
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Advanced technologies like remote sensing have modified the way by which maps are constructed. Remote sensing is the procedure of collecting information about Earth with the help of instruments mounted on airplanes, satellites, or ships.
Remote sensing helps in monitoring and detecting the physical features of a region by determining its emitted and reflected radiation at a distance from the targeted region. Unique or specialized camera gather remotely sensed pictures of the Earth that assists the researchers in sensing the things about the Earth.
Answer: Whereas an atom whose outermost electron shell is completely filled is least likely to bond with other atoms as the atom is stable due to completely filled shell.
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There are two types of cell, prokaryotic (bacteria) and eukaryotic (animal, plant, fungi and protoctista (unicellular organisms)). Prokaryotes have no nucleolus – the DNA is in the cytoplasm, and it can from small circular strands of DNA called plasmids. Eukaryotic cells all have their DNA enclosed in a nucleus.
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