"<u>cell membrane </u>- the thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell. The cell membrane is semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others.
<u>centrosome</u> - (also called the "microtubule organizing center") a small body located near the nucleus - it has a dense center and radiating tubules. The centrosomes is where microtubules are made. During cell division (mitosis), the centrosome divides and the two parts move to opposite sides of the dividing cell. The centriole is the dense center of the centrosome.
<u>cytoplasm</u> - the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located.
<u>Golgi body</u> - (also called the Golgi apparatus or golgi complex) a flattened, layered, sac-like organelle that looks like a stack of pancakes and is located near the nucleus. It produces the membranes that surround the lysosomes. The Golgi body packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell.
<u>lysosome</u> - (also called cell vesicles) round organelles surrounded by a membrane and containing digestive enzymes. This is where the digestion of cell nutrients takes place.
<u>mitochondrion</u> - spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. The inner membrane is infolded many times, forming a series of projections (called cristae). The mitochondrion converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for the cell.
<u>nuclear membrane</u> - the membrane that surrounds the nucleus.
<u>nucleolus</u> - an organelle within the nucleus - it is where ribosomal RNA is produced. Some cells have more than one nucleolus.
<u>nucleus</u> - spherical body containing many organelles, including the nucleolus. The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell (by controlling protein synthesis) and contains DNA (in chromosomes). The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane.
<u>ribosome</u> - small organelles composed of RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis.
<u>rough endoplasmic reticulum</u> - (rough ER) a vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted sacks that are located in the cell's cytoplasm (the ER is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane). Rough ER is covered with ribosomes that give it a rough appearance.
<u>smooth endoplasmic reticulum</u> - (smooth ER) a vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted tubes that are located in the cell's cytoplasm (the ER is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane). The space within the ER is called the ER lumen. Smooth ER transports materials through the cell. It contains enzymes and produces and digests lipids (fats) and membrane proteins.
<u>vacuole</u> - fluid-filled, membrane-surrounded cavities inside a cell. The vacuole fills with food being digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell." I quote from my science paper. It was exhausting! But I know all this so I added some extra.
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Most people in the world get our water from rivers and lakes, including the vast majority of the world’s poorest people.
But half of the world’s 500 most important rivers – water sources for hundreds of millions of people – are being seriously depleted or polluted.* Approximately 40 percent of the rivers in the U.S. are too polluted for fishing and swimming.**
Water shortages will likely be a fact of life for most people on the planet within the next ten years.*** We can’t afford to pollute and destroy our drinking water sources. But that’s exactly what we’re doing – often without knowing it.
Forests, grasslands and wetlands are nature’s water filters. They help keep erosion and pollution from flowing into our waters and they slow rainwater down, sending more water into underground supplies. But every year we lose 32 million acres of forest – that's a lot of water filters, gone, every year.
We are facing dirtier, unsafe water and more risk of water shortages and scarcity. This crisis is real, it’s happening now and it’s getting worse fast.
The Nature Conservancy partners with people communities in all 50 states and 30 countries to protect water sources. We work on the ground to:
<span><span>Prevent deforestation and destruction of grasslands – nature’s water filters</span><span>Restore forests and grasslands that have already been lost or damaged and sending erosion into our waters</span><span>Equip farmers with practical ways to keep harmful run-off out of our waters</span><span>Restore floodplains that act as sponges and send water down into groundwater supplies and filter pollution out of rivers</span><span>Create new science that helps pinpoint the greatest threats to our waters and the most effective ways to combat them</span></span>
But we understand that nature won’t solve everything, so we’re finding new ways to reduce water use. More than 70 percent of water withdrawn from nature goes to agriculture, so we’re helping farmers access new technologies and practices that use less water while continuing to produce the food we need.
